See گاو on Wiktionary
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ks",
"2": "fa-cls",
"3": "گَاو"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Classical Persian گَاو (gāw)",
"name": "bor+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Classical Persian گَاو (gāw).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "gāv",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "گٲو",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ks",
"10": "",
"11": "",
"12": "",
"13": "",
"14": "",
"2": "noun",
"3": "plural",
"4": "گٲو",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"9": "",
"f2sc": "Latn",
"f4sc": "Deva",
"f5sc": "Shrd",
"g": "f",
"g2": "",
"head": "",
"sc": "",
"sccat": "1",
"tr": ""
},
"expansion": "گاو • (gāv) f (plural گٲو)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"g": "f",
"pl": "گٲو"
},
"expansion": "گاو • (gāv) f (plural گٲو)",
"name": "ks-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Kashmiri",
"lang_code": "ks",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Kashmiri entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 3 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "39 5 46 5 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using etymon with no ID",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "81 2 14 2 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 3 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "80 1 16 1 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "39 5 46 5 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"cow"
],
"id": "en-گاو-ks-noun-vrE0dUkQ",
"links": [
[
"cow",
"cow"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ɡaːʋ]"
}
],
"word": "گاو"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "cowpox",
"roman": "âbele-ye gâvi",
"translation": "cowpox",
"word": "آبله گاوی"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "manatee",
"roman": "gâv-e daryâyi",
"translation": "manatee",
"word": "گاو دریایی"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "milking vessel",
"roman": "gâv duš",
"translation": "milking vessel",
"word": "گاو دوش"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "cowherd",
"roman": "gâv čarân",
"translation": "cowherd",
"word": "گاو چران"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "big eyes",
"roman": "gâv češm",
"translation": "big eyes",
"word": "گاو چشم"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "plow",
"roman": "gâv-âhan",
"translation": "plow",
"word": "گاوآهن"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "kind of mace weapon",
"roman": "gâvsâr",
"translation": "kind of mace weapon",
"word": "گاوسار"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "buffalo",
"roman": "gâvmêš",
"translation": "buffalo",
"word": "گاومیش"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "bovine",
"roman": "gâvi",
"translation": "bovine",
"word": "گاوی"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "Echium plant",
"roman": "gol gâv-zabân",
"translation": "Echium plant",
"word": "گل گاوزبان"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Judeo-Tat",
"lang_code": "jdt",
"word": "gov"
},
{
"lang": "Urdu",
"lang_code": "ur",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "gāv, gāo",
"word": "گاو"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "pal:TWRA<ety:inh<peo:*gāuš>>",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *gʷṓws\nProto-Indo-Iranian *gā́wš\nProto-Iranian *gā́wš\nOld Persian *gāuš\nMiddle Persian TWRA\nPersian گاو\n[Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-Iranian\", \"term\" : \"*gā́wš\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"iir-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Iranian\", \"term\" : \"*gā́wš\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ira-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old Persian\", \"term\" : \"*gāuš\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"peo\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Middle Persian\", \"term\" : \"TWRA\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"pal\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Persian\", \"term\" : \"گاو\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"fa\" }\" data-lang=\"fa\" data-title=\"گاو\">",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "pal",
"sc": "Phlv",
"tr": "TWRA",
"ts": "gāw"
},
"expansion": "Middle Persian [Book Pahlavi needed] (TWRA /gāw/)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "peo",
"3": "*gāuš",
"4": "*gāuš, 𐎥𐎢",
"5": "g-u"
},
"expansion": "Old Persian *gāuš, 𐎥𐎢 (“g-u”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "ira-pro",
"3": "*gā́wš"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian *gā́wš",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "iir-pro",
"3": "*gā́wš"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian *gā́wš",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*gʷṓws"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *gʷṓws",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "cow"
},
"expansion": "English cow",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ur",
"2": "گائے",
"tr": "gāe"
},
"expansion": "Urdu گائے (gāe)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "hi",
"2": "गाय"
},
"expansion": "Hindi गाय (gāy)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ae",
"2": "𐬔𐬀𐬊"
},
"expansion": "Avestan 𐬔𐬀𐬊 (gao)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "βοῦς"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek βοῦς (boûs)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "bōs"
},
"expansion": "Latin bōs",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *gʷṓws\nProto-Indo-Iranian *gā́wš\nProto-Iranian *gā́wš\nOld Persian *gāuš\nMiddle Persian TWRA\nPersian گاو\nFrom Middle Persian [Book Pahlavi needed] (TWRA /gāw/), from Old Persian *gāuš, 𐎥𐎢 (“g-u”), from Proto-Iranian *gā́wš, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *gā́wš, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷṓws.\nCognate to English cow, Urdu گائے (gāe) / Hindi गाय (gāy), Avestan 𐬔𐬀𐬊 (gao), Ancient Greek βοῦς (boûs), Latin bōs.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "gāw",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "gâv",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "گاوها",
"roman": "gāw-hā / gâv-hâ",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "гов",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"Tajik"
]
},
{
"form": "گاب",
"roman": "gâb",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"dialectal"
]
},
{
"form": "گو",
"roman": "gow",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"dialectal"
]
},
{
"form": "گا",
"roman": "gâ",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"dialectal"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"cls": "گَاو",
"pl": "گاوها"
},
"expansion": "گاو • (gāw / gâv) (plural گاوها (gāw-hā / gâv-hâ), Tajik spelling гов)",
"name": "fa-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Persian",
"lang_code": "fa",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "cow urine",
"roman": "gomiz",
"translation": "cow urine",
"word": "گمیز"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "86 14",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "fa",
"name": "Cattle",
"orig": "fa:Cattle",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
63,
65
]
],
"english": "If he is mad and bent on mischief, the cure for a madman is an ox-hide whip.",
"ref": "c. 1260, Rumi, “5:3500”, in The Masnavi:",
"roman": "u agar divâne ast o fetne-kâv, dâru-ye divâne bâšad kir-e gâv.",
"text": "او اگر دیوانه است و فتنهکاو، داروی دیوانه باشد کیر گاو.",
"translation": "If he is mad and bent on mischief, the cure for a madman is an ox-hide whip.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"cow, bull, cattle"
],
"id": "en-گاو-fa-noun-HmUu-o2U",
"links": [
[
"cow",
"cow"
],
[
"bull",
"bull"
],
[
"cattle",
"cattle"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "fa",
"name": "Astronomy",
"orig": "fa:Astronomy",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "39 5 46 5 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using etymon with no ID",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "32 5 53 5 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "39 5 46 5 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 92",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Persian entries with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 88",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Persian entries with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 95",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Persian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "24 76",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "fa",
"name": "Constellations",
"orig": "fa:Constellations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
14,
18
],
[
29,
32
]
],
"english": "the celestial Bull, like the cow of the sea, has on its neck gems, and pearls from the Pleiades.",
"ref": "1192, Nizami Ganjavi, “Layla and Majnun”, in Khamsa:",
"roman": "gâv-e falaki čo gâv-e daryâ, gowhar be-galu dorr az sorayyâ.",
"text": "گاو فلکی چو گاو دریا، گوهر بگلو در از ثریا.",
"translation": "the celestial Bull, like the cow of the sea, has on its neck gems, and pearls from the Pleiades.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"the constellation Taurus"
],
"id": "en-گاو-fa-noun-NLo06Y5i",
"links": [
[
"astronomy",
"astronomy"
],
[
"constellation",
"constellation"
],
[
"Taurus",
"Taurus"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(astronomy) the constellation Taurus"
],
"topics": [
"astronomy",
"natural-sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɡaːw/",
"tags": [
"Classical-Persian"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ɡɑːw]",
"tags": [
"Dari",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ɡäw]",
"tags": [
"Kabuli"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ɡäw]",
"note": "Hazaragi"
},
{
"ipa": "[ɡ̥ɒːv]",
"tags": [
"Iran",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ɡɔw]",
"tags": [
"Tajik",
"formal"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-aːw"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɡow/",
"tags": [
"Iran",
"dialectal"
]
}
],
"word": "گاو"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "cow-slaughter, cow-sacrifice",
"roman": "gāv-kušī",
"translation": "cow-slaughter, cow-sacrifice",
"word": "گاؤ کُشی"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "a long cylindrical pillow",
"roman": "gāv-takīya",
"translation": "a long cylindrical pillow",
"word": "گاو تَکِیَہ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "cowshed, cattle-pound",
"roman": "gāv-xānah",
"translation": "cowshed, cattle-pound",
"word": "گاو خانَہ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "destroyed, ruinous, ruined",
"roman": "gāv-xurd",
"translation": "destroyed, ruinous, ruined",
"word": "گاو خورد"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "mindless, simpleton",
"roman": "gāv-dabī",
"translation": "mindless, simpleton",
"word": "گاو دَبی"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "cow-tail, anything thick on one end and thin on the other, slippery, sloping",
"roman": "gāv-dum",
"translation": "cow-tail, anything thick on one end and thin on the other, slippery, sloping",
"word": "گاو دُم"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "powerful, mighty",
"roman": "gāv-zōr",
"translation": "powerful, mighty",
"word": "گاو زور"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "fostering cattle, taking care of cattle",
"roman": "gāv-parvārī",
"translation": "fostering cattle, taking care of cattle",
"word": "گاو پَرواری"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "bull-figured, one with a mighty build",
"roman": "gāv-paikar",
"translation": "bull-figured, one with a mighty build",
"word": "گاو پَیکَر"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "sloping like a cow's back, (metaphorically) the sky",
"roman": "gāv-pušt",
"translation": "sloping like a cow's back, (metaphorically) the sky",
"word": "گاو پُشْت"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "large-eyed",
"roman": "gāv-čašám",
"translation": "large-eyed",
"word": "گاو چَشْم"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "beef, cow-meat",
"roman": "gāvā-gošt",
"translation": "beef, cow-meat",
"word": "گاوا گوشْت"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "cow ghee",
"roman": "gāvā-ghī",
"translation": "cow ghee",
"word": "گاوا گھی"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "violence, brutality, wrestling",
"roman": "gāvzorī",
"translation": "violence, brutality, wrestling",
"word": "گاوزوری"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "cradle, place of origin, place of birth",
"roman": "gāhávārah",
"translation": "cradle, place of origin, place of birth",
"word": "گَہْوارَہ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "rocking cradle",
"roman": "gāhávārah-e-junbānī",
"translation": "rocking cradle",
"word": "گہوارہ جنبانی"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ur",
"2": ":bor",
"3": "fa-cls:گَاو",
"text": "+",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *gʷṓws\nProto-Indo-Iranian *gā́wš\nProto-Iranian *gā́wš\nOld Persian *gāuš\nMiddle Persian TWRA\nClassical Persian گَاو (gāw)bor.\nUrdu گاو\n[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"cattle\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*gʷṓws\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-Iranian\", \"term\" : \"*gā́wš\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"iir-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Iranian\", \"term\" : \"*gā́wš\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ira-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old Persian\", \"term\" : \"*gāuš\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"peo\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Middle Persian\", \"term\" : \"TWRA\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"pal\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Classical Persian\", \"term\" : \"گَاو\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"fa-cls\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Urdu\", \"term\" : \"گاو\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ur\" }\" data-lang=\"ur\" data-title=\"گاو\">\nBorrowed from Classical Persian گَاو (gāw).",
"name": "ety"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ur",
"2": "گائے"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of گائے (gāe)",
"name": "dbt"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *gʷṓws\nProto-Indo-Iranian *gā́wš\nProto-Iranian *gā́wš\nOld Persian *gāuš\nMiddle Persian TWRA\nClassical Persian گَاو (gāw)bor.\nUrdu گاو\nBorrowed from Classical Persian گَاو (gāw). Doublet of گائے (gāe).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "گَاوْ",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "گَاو",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "gāv",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "gāo",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "गाव",
"tags": [
"Hindi"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"head": "گَاوْ,گَاو",
"hi": "गाव"
},
"expansion": "گَاوْ or گَاو • (gāv or gāo) m (Hindi spelling गाव)",
"name": "ur-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Urdu",
"lang_code": "ur",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Urdu entries with etymology texts",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Urdu entries with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Urdu entries with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Urdu entries with incorrect language header",
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},
{
"_dis": "50 50",
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
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"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Urdu terms with redundant transliterations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"cow, bull, ox"
],
"id": "en-گاو-ur-noun-xkSr3CL5",
"links": [
[
"cow",
"cow"
],
[
"bull",
"bull"
],
[
"ox",
"ox"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "گائے"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Urdu entries with etymology texts",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "50 50",
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{
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},
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Urdu terms with redundant transliterations",
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"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"cattle"
],
"id": "en-گاو-ur-noun-rdC4hzlX",
"links": [
[
"cattle",
"cattle"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
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"tags": [
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"Urdu"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɡɑː.oː/",
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"Urdu"
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}
],
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}
{
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"Pages with etymon"
],
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{
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"3": "گَاو"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Classical Persian گَاو (gāw)",
"name": "bor+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Classical Persian گَاو (gāw).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "gāv",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "گٲو",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
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{
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"10": "",
"11": "",
"12": "",
"13": "",
"14": "",
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"5": "",
"6": "",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"9": "",
"f2sc": "Latn",
"f4sc": "Deva",
"f5sc": "Shrd",
"g": "f",
"g2": "",
"head": "",
"sc": "",
"sccat": "1",
"tr": ""
},
"expansion": "گاو • (gāv) f (plural گٲو)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"g": "f",
"pl": "گٲو"
},
"expansion": "گاو • (gāv) f (plural گٲو)",
"name": "ks-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Kashmiri",
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"pos": "noun",
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{
"categories": [
"Kashmiri entries with incorrect language header",
"Kashmiri feminine nouns",
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"Kashmiri nouns in Arabic script",
"Kashmiri terms borrowed from Classical Persian",
"Kashmiri terms derived from Classical Persian",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
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],
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],
"tags": [
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],
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{
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"Persian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Persian terms derived from Proto-Indo-Iranian",
"Persian terms derived from Proto-Iranian",
"Persian terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European word *gʷṓws",
"Persian terms inherited from Middle Persian",
"Persian terms inherited from Old Persian",
"Persian terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"Persian terms inherited from Proto-Indo-Iranian",
"Persian terms inherited from Proto-Iranian",
"Persian terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Requests for Book Pahlavi script for Middle Persian terms",
"Rhymes:Persian/aːw",
"Rhymes:Persian/aːw/1 syllable",
"fa:Cattle",
"fa:Constellations"
],
"derived": [
{
"english": "cowpox",
"roman": "âbele-ye gâvi",
"translation": "cowpox",
"word": "آبله گاوی"
},
{
"english": "manatee",
"roman": "gâv-e daryâyi",
"translation": "manatee",
"word": "گاو دریایی"
},
{
"english": "milking vessel",
"roman": "gâv duš",
"translation": "milking vessel",
"word": "گاو دوش"
},
{
"english": "cowherd",
"roman": "gâv čarân",
"translation": "cowherd",
"word": "گاو چران"
},
{
"english": "big eyes",
"roman": "gâv češm",
"translation": "big eyes",
"word": "گاو چشم"
},
{
"english": "plow",
"roman": "gâv-âhan",
"translation": "plow",
"word": "گاوآهن"
},
{
"english": "kind of mace weapon",
"roman": "gâvsâr",
"translation": "kind of mace weapon",
"word": "گاوسار"
},
{
"english": "buffalo",
"roman": "gâvmêš",
"translation": "buffalo",
"word": "گاومیش"
},
{
"english": "bovine",
"roman": "gâvi",
"translation": "bovine",
"word": "گاوی"
},
{
"english": "Echium plant",
"roman": "gol gâv-zabân",
"translation": "Echium plant",
"word": "گل گاوزبان"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Judeo-Tat",
"lang_code": "jdt",
"word": "gov"
},
{
"lang": "Urdu",
"lang_code": "ur",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "gāv, gāo",
"word": "گاو"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
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"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *gʷṓws\nProto-Indo-Iranian *gā́wš\nProto-Iranian *gā́wš\nOld Persian *gāuš\nMiddle Persian TWRA\nPersian گاو\n[Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-Iranian\", \"term\" : \"*gā́wš\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"iir-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Iranian\", \"term\" : \"*gā́wš\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ira-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old Persian\", \"term\" : \"*gāuš\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"peo\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Middle Persian\", \"term\" : \"TWRA\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"pal\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Persian\", \"term\" : \"گاو\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"fa\" }\" data-lang=\"fa\" data-title=\"گاو\">",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
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"2": "pal",
"sc": "Phlv",
"tr": "TWRA",
"ts": "gāw"
},
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"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
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"2": "peo",
"3": "*gāuš",
"4": "*gāuš, 𐎥𐎢",
"5": "g-u"
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"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
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{
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{
"args": {
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"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "cow"
},
"expansion": "English cow",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ur",
"2": "گائے",
"tr": "gāe"
},
"expansion": "Urdu گائے (gāe)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "hi",
"2": "गाय"
},
"expansion": "Hindi गाय (gāy)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ae",
"2": "𐬔𐬀𐬊"
},
"expansion": "Avestan 𐬔𐬀𐬊 (gao)",
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},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "βοῦς"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek βοῦς (boûs)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "bōs"
},
"expansion": "Latin bōs",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *gʷṓws\nProto-Indo-Iranian *gā́wš\nProto-Iranian *gā́wš\nOld Persian *gāuš\nMiddle Persian TWRA\nPersian گاو\nFrom Middle Persian [Book Pahlavi needed] (TWRA /gāw/), from Old Persian *gāuš, 𐎥𐎢 (“g-u”), from Proto-Iranian *gā́wš, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *gā́wš, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷṓws.\nCognate to English cow, Urdu گائے (gāe) / Hindi गाय (gāy), Avestan 𐬔𐬀𐬊 (gao), Ancient Greek βοῦς (boûs), Latin bōs.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "gāw",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "gâv",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "گاوها",
"roman": "gāw-hā / gâv-hâ",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "гов",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"Tajik"
]
},
{
"form": "گاب",
"roman": "gâb",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"dialectal"
]
},
{
"form": "گو",
"roman": "gow",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"dialectal"
]
},
{
"form": "گا",
"roman": "gâ",
"tags": [
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"dialectal"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"cls": "گَاو",
"pl": "گاوها"
},
"expansion": "گاو • (gāw / gâv) (plural گاوها (gāw-hā / gâv-hâ), Tajik spelling гов)",
"name": "fa-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Persian",
"lang_code": "fa",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"english": "cow urine",
"roman": "gomiz",
"translation": "cow urine",
"word": "گمیز"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Persian terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
63,
65
]
],
"english": "If he is mad and bent on mischief, the cure for a madman is an ox-hide whip.",
"ref": "c. 1260, Rumi, “5:3500”, in The Masnavi:",
"roman": "u agar divâne ast o fetne-kâv, dâru-ye divâne bâšad kir-e gâv.",
"text": "او اگر دیوانه است و فتنهکاو، داروی دیوانه باشد کیر گاو.",
"translation": "If he is mad and bent on mischief, the cure for a madman is an ox-hide whip.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"cow, bull, cattle"
],
"links": [
[
"cow",
"cow"
],
[
"bull",
"bull"
],
[
"cattle",
"cattle"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Persian terms with quotations",
"fa:Astronomy"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
14,
18
],
[
29,
32
]
],
"english": "the celestial Bull, like the cow of the sea, has on its neck gems, and pearls from the Pleiades.",
"ref": "1192, Nizami Ganjavi, “Layla and Majnun”, in Khamsa:",
"roman": "gâv-e falaki čo gâv-e daryâ, gowhar be-galu dorr az sorayyâ.",
"text": "گاو فلکی چو گاو دریا، گوهر بگلو در از ثریا.",
"translation": "the celestial Bull, like the cow of the sea, has on its neck gems, and pearls from the Pleiades.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"the constellation Taurus"
],
"links": [
[
"astronomy",
"astronomy"
],
[
"constellation",
"constellation"
],
[
"Taurus",
"Taurus"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(astronomy) the constellation Taurus"
],
"topics": [
"astronomy",
"natural-sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɡaːw/",
"tags": [
"Classical-Persian"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ɡɑːw]",
"tags": [
"Dari",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ɡäw]",
"tags": [
"Kabuli"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ɡäw]",
"note": "Hazaragi"
},
{
"ipa": "[ɡ̥ɒːv]",
"tags": [
"Iran",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ɡɔw]",
"tags": [
"Tajik",
"formal"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-aːw"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɡow/",
"tags": [
"Iran",
"dialectal"
]
}
],
"word": "گاو"
}
{
"categories": [
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"Pages with entries",
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"Urdu doublets",
"Urdu entries with etymology texts",
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"Urdu entries with incorrect language header",
"Urdu feminine consonant-stem nouns",
"Urdu lemmas",
"Urdu masculine nouns",
"Urdu nouns",
"Urdu nouns with declension",
"Urdu terms borrowed from Classical Persian",
"Urdu terms derived from Classical Persian",
"Urdu terms derived from Middle Persian",
"Urdu terms derived from Old Persian",
"Urdu terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Urdu terms derived from Proto-Indo-Iranian",
"Urdu terms derived from Proto-Iranian",
"Urdu terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European word *gʷṓws",
"Urdu terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Urdu terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Urdu terms with redundant transliterations"
],
"derived": [
{
"english": "cow-slaughter, cow-sacrifice",
"roman": "gāv-kušī",
"translation": "cow-slaughter, cow-sacrifice",
"word": "گاؤ کُشی"
},
{
"english": "a long cylindrical pillow",
"roman": "gāv-takīya",
"translation": "a long cylindrical pillow",
"word": "گاو تَکِیَہ"
},
{
"english": "cowshed, cattle-pound",
"roman": "gāv-xānah",
"translation": "cowshed, cattle-pound",
"word": "گاو خانَہ"
},
{
"english": "destroyed, ruinous, ruined",
"roman": "gāv-xurd",
"translation": "destroyed, ruinous, ruined",
"word": "گاو خورد"
},
{
"english": "mindless, simpleton",
"roman": "gāv-dabī",
"translation": "mindless, simpleton",
"word": "گاو دَبی"
},
{
"english": "cow-tail, anything thick on one end and thin on the other, slippery, sloping",
"roman": "gāv-dum",
"translation": "cow-tail, anything thick on one end and thin on the other, slippery, sloping",
"word": "گاو دُم"
},
{
"english": "powerful, mighty",
"roman": "gāv-zōr",
"translation": "powerful, mighty",
"word": "گاو زور"
},
{
"english": "fostering cattle, taking care of cattle",
"roman": "gāv-parvārī",
"translation": "fostering cattle, taking care of cattle",
"word": "گاو پَرواری"
},
{
"english": "bull-figured, one with a mighty build",
"roman": "gāv-paikar",
"translation": "bull-figured, one with a mighty build",
"word": "گاو پَیکَر"
},
{
"english": "sloping like a cow's back, (metaphorically) the sky",
"roman": "gāv-pušt",
"translation": "sloping like a cow's back, (metaphorically) the sky",
"word": "گاو پُشْت"
},
{
"english": "large-eyed",
"roman": "gāv-čašám",
"translation": "large-eyed",
"word": "گاو چَشْم"
},
{
"english": "beef, cow-meat",
"roman": "gāvā-gošt",
"translation": "beef, cow-meat",
"word": "گاوا گوشْت"
},
{
"english": "cow ghee",
"roman": "gāvā-ghī",
"translation": "cow ghee",
"word": "گاوا گھی"
},
{
"english": "violence, brutality, wrestling",
"roman": "gāvzorī",
"translation": "violence, brutality, wrestling",
"word": "گاوزوری"
},
{
"english": "cradle, place of origin, place of birth",
"roman": "gāhávārah",
"translation": "cradle, place of origin, place of birth",
"word": "گَہْوارَہ"
},
{
"english": "rocking cradle",
"roman": "gāhávārah-e-junbānī",
"translation": "rocking cradle",
"word": "گہوارہ جنبانی"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
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"text": "+",
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"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *gʷṓws\nProto-Indo-Iranian *gā́wš\nProto-Iranian *gā́wš\nOld Persian *gāuš\nMiddle Persian TWRA\nClassical Persian گَاو (gāw)bor.\nUrdu گاو\n[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"cattle\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*gʷṓws\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-Iranian\", \"term\" : \"*gā́wš\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"iir-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Iranian\", \"term\" : \"*gā́wš\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ira-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old Persian\", \"term\" : \"*gāuš\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"peo\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Middle Persian\", \"term\" : \"TWRA\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"pal\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Classical Persian\", \"term\" : \"گَاو\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"fa-cls\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Urdu\", \"term\" : \"گاو\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ur\" }\" data-lang=\"ur\" data-title=\"گاو\">\nBorrowed from Classical Persian گَاو (gāw).",
"name": "ety"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ur",
"2": "گائے"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of گائے (gāe)",
"name": "dbt"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *gʷṓws\nProto-Indo-Iranian *gā́wš\nProto-Iranian *gā́wš\nOld Persian *gāuš\nMiddle Persian TWRA\nClassical Persian گَاو (gāw)bor.\nUrdu گاو\nBorrowed from Classical Persian گَاو (gāw). Doublet of گائے (gāe).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "گَاوْ",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "گَاو",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "gāv",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "gāo",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "गाव",
"tags": [
"Hindi"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"head": "گَاوْ,گَاو",
"hi": "गाव"
},
"expansion": "گَاوْ or گَاو • (gāv or gāo) m (Hindi spelling गाव)",
"name": "ur-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Urdu",
"lang_code": "ur",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"cow, bull, ox"
],
"links": [
[
"cow",
"cow"
],
[
"bull",
"bull"
],
[
"ox",
"ox"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "گائے"
}
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"cattle"
],
"links": [
[
"cattle",
"cattle"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɡɑːʋ/",
"tags": [
"Standard",
"Urdu"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɡɑː.oː/",
"tags": [
"Standard",
"Urdu"
]
}
],
"word": "گاو"
}
Download raw JSONL data for گاو meaning in All languages combined (15.5kB)
{
"called_from": "parser/328",
"msg": "TABLE not properly closed",
"path": [
"گاو"
],
"section": "Urdu",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "گاو",
"trace": "started on line 3, detected on line 12"
}
{
"called_from": "parser/304",
"msg": "HTML tag <div> not properly closed",
"path": [
"گاو"
],
"section": "Urdu",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "گاو",
"trace": "started on line 2, detected on line 12"
}
{
"called_from": "parser/1336",
"msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </div>",
"path": [
"گاو"
],
"section": "Urdu",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "گاو",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-09-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-09-02 using wiktextract (ccec6f1 and 4deed51). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.